..., assessment of (rotating-bending) fatigue behavior, and bearing-lifetime testing. The newly developed steel 18MnCrMoV4-8-7, which is essentially a low-carbon (i.e., case-hardening) variant of the established through-hardenable bearing steel 100CrMnMoSi8-4-6, has a significantly lower Ni content than SAE 3311...

... tests to be planned, which will further increase the technology readiness level for both newly developed steels. bearing steel transmission steel nitriding BEARING AND TRANSMISSION STEELS TECHNOLOGY 379 STP 1649, 2024 / available online at www.astm.org / doi: 10.1520/STP164920230010 Jacques...

... higher RCF is needed. The improved microstructure stability in Hybrid 60 is attributed to the more stable secondary carbides and intermetallic precipitates as compared to the cementite in the 52100 steel. dual hardening steel bearing steel microstructural decay rolling contact fatigue softening...

... or material strength lower than expected (or a combination of both). A scheme to unravel the complex interactions of bearing steel properties and operating conditions that lead to premature failure will be presented. This scheme is very useful for application analysis and for finding solutions for the cases...

... of the raceways, so these results suggest that WEC formation is a surface-driven phenomenon. Based on these insights, possible WEC mitigation and prevention methods are discussed. white etching cracks wind turbines bearings lubricant additives slip hydrogen embrittlement bearing steel subsurface...

... be derived from simulations, which was found to be in good agreement with results from the life tests. bearing steel rolling contact fatigue contamination rating life analysis simulation BEARING STEEL TECHNOLOGIES: 12TH VOLUME 147 STP 1623, 2020 / available online at www.astm.org / doi: 10.1520...

... to produce bearing steel that is free from unwanted ceramic particle inclusions. In this paper, the process used to make bearing-grade, inclusion-free NiTi alloys is described and applied to steelmaking. At its core, the NiTi process differs from steelmaking in one key aspect. NiTi alloys are made from...

... the fatigue life and reliability. The research on high-performance material is a good opportunity to promote the introduction of powder metallurgy steel. Powder metallurgy for bearing steel manufacturing was introduced several decades ago, but the effective use in aerospace engines is still very limited...

... In today's steelmaking business, the importance of clean steels has grown significantly due to increasing market demands. The need for lightweight design and parts with increased performance is more important than ever. Bearing steels are a clear example of this and the same has extended...

... Steel cleanliness with regard to nonmetallic inclusions is critical for fatigue properties, and steel homogeneity is important for manufacturing considerations, such as controlling distortion after hardening. The final bearing steel quality is also dependent on the chosen steelmaking processes...

... with an overview of ICME tools and the methodology employed to utilize these tools in designing aerospace gear steels followed by a review of the design and development of a novel, high-performance, solution-nitridable bearing steel. The work describes the microstructural design concepts that were developed...

... Vacuum induction melting (VIM) of the feedstock ingot for vacuum arc refining (VAR) was introduced in the 1970s to improve the reliability of steels for aerospace rolling bearings. VIM-VAR bearing steel manufacturers must meet the constraints imposed by Aerospace Materials Specifications (AMS...

... Cleanliness in bearing alloys is critical for bearing performance, especially in aerospace applications. As the demand on engine performance increases, the need for improved cleanliness becomes even more important. Double vacuum-melted bearing steels were introduced to the industry in the early...

... experiments. The effect of alloy, heat treatment, and stress cycling on spall propagation rate was examined. The material microstructural decay from accumulated stress cycles had a significant effect on the spall propagation time of hybrid bearings. spall propagation bearing steel Pyrowear 675 VIM...

... This study was conducted to investigate the spall propagation characteristics of several advanced aerospace bearing steels. Spall propagation experiments were conducted on new bearings at a 2.41 GPa (350 ksi) maximum Hertzian contact stress. Rockwell hardness indentations at 150 kg were used...

... The risk of introducing advanced bearing steels can be reduced by Technology Readiness Level (TRL) testing methods that reveal surface and subsurface tribology mechanisms. Abrasive wear screening tests (TRL 3) show a correlation with hardness for AMS 6491 (M50), AMS 6278 (M50 NiL), and three...

... with the antiwear additive present in the lubricant. Pyrowear 675 rolling contact fatigue bearing steel high temperature 628 BEARING STEEL TECHNOLOGIES: 12TH VOLUME STP 1623, 2020 / available online at www.astm.org / doi: 10.1520/STP162320190072 Hitesh K. Trivedi1 and Lewis Rosado2 Accelerated Life...

... on fatigue performance are offered. inclusion bearing steel remelt ESR VAR air melt microinclusion macroinclusion cleanliness ADVANCES IN BEARING STEEL STEELMAKING AND PROCESSING BEARING STEEL TECHNOLOGIES: 10TH VOLUME, ADVANCES IN STEEL TECHNOLOGIES FOR ROLLING BEARINGS 3 STP 1580, 2015...

... experiment deals with accelerated carbide spheroidization of 100CrMnSi6-4 bearing steel during the final stage of hot rolling. The main purpose here was to achieve a microstructure consisting of globular carbides and ferritic matrix directly after hot forming. Thus it is possible to take out soft annealing...

... treatment with a shortened process duration. In the present work possible processes for shortening the bainitic treatment of the bearing steel 52100 were primarily investigated by dilatometric experiments. Some selected processes were carried out in an industrial salt bath. The microstructures of bainite...