.... Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact Etching Microscope Quantitative metallography Stereology Vickers hardness Quality control...

... Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact Etching Microscope Quantitative metallography Stereology Vickers hardness Quality...

... Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact Etching Microscope Quantitative metallography Stereology Vickers hardness Quality control Microstructure 2 Sectioning 2.1 Selection...

.... Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact Etching Microscope Quantitative metallography Stereology Vickers hardness Quality control...

... be marked in all cases where ametallographic/materialographic analysis should be reported. Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact...

... TO AVOID ARTIFACTS IT IS VERY IMPORTANT, ESPECIALLY IN THE POLISHing stage, that the specimen/specimen holder is carefully cleaned between each step. It is also important that the room in which the process takes place and the operator's hands are clean to avoid contamination of the polishing...

... to avoid them, see Sections 13.5/6. Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact Etching Microscope Quantitative metallography...

... AFTER PLANE GRINDING AND FINE GRINDING THE SPECIMEN SURFACE must be polished to obtain the true microstructure or a structure, which is satisfactory for a given analysis. In principle, the surface always will have a certain deformation (artifacts), but if not too deep this can often be removed...

... ELECTROLYTIC POLISHING OR ELECTROPOLISHING (ANODIC POLISHING) is a polishing method whereby the specimen is placed as an anode in an electrolytic cell and the electrolysis establishes a surface suitable for metallographic analysis. Metallography Materialography Preparation methods...

... MICROETCHING IS ETCHING OF MICROSTRUCTURES TO BE OBSERVED BY magnification higher than 25 × 50 (× in Europe). For macroetching, see Section 9.7. Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot...

... Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact Etching Microscope Quantitative metallography Stereology Vickers hardness Quality...

... an important role. Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact Etching Microscope Quantitative metallography Stereology Vickers...

... 13.2.3). Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact Etching Microscope Quantitative metallography Stereology Vickers hardness...

... in Chapter 12. Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact Etching Microscope Quantitative metallography Stereology Vickers hardness...

... Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact Etching Microscope Quantitative metallography Stereology Vickers hardness Quality...

... that results when this optical system is used is considerably greater than it is when the object is viewed by the naked eye at the same distance of 25 cm (≈ 10 in), visual angle δ2. Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing...

...), and a number of scanning probe microscopes (SPM). Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact Etching Microscope Quantitative...

... as tools to automate the collection and reporting of quantitative data. Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact Etching Microscope...

... the measurement of microstructures. It may be argued that the study of materials cannot be termed a “science” if it does not use quantitative methods. Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting...

... the selection of archiving must be based upon an evaluation of existing and projected needs. Metallography Materialography Preparation methods Sample preparation Mechanical polishing Electrolytic polishing Cutting Sectioning Hot mounting Cold mounting Grinding Polishing Polishing artifact...