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ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Stabilization and Solidification of Hazardous, Radioactive, and Mixed Wastes: 2nd Volume
By
TM Gilliam
TM Gilliam
1
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
,
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-7273
;
symposium chairman and editor
Search for other works by this author on:
CC Wiles
CC Wiles
2
Environmental Protection Agency
,
Cincinnati, OH
;
editor
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ISBN-10:
0-8031-1443-5
ISBN:
978-0-8031-1443-2
No. of Pages:
514
Publisher:
ASTM International
Publication date:
1992

A method is developed to measure the neutralizing capacity of various generic binders. The method, termed the generalized acid neutralization capacity (GANC) test, is based on modifications to Environment Canada Method No. 7, Acid Neutralization Capacity, combined with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method No. 1311, Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure. The GANC test is a single batch procedure that utilizes leachants normally ranging in acidity from 0 to 6 equivalents of acid per kilogram of solids. After 48 h of contact, the pH of the leachate is measured. The leachate can also be analyzed for alkalinity, hardness, and metals concentration. Plotting pH values versus equivalents per kilogram of solids defines the alkaline behavior of a sample. The more equivalents a binder neutralizes, the greater its buffering capacity and effectiveness in diminishing metals mobility, but too much alkalinity can also be harmful. Examples are given of the application of GANC test results and concepts to metal-spiked samples and to lead-contaminated soils from a Superfund site.

1.
Test Methods for Solidified Waste Characterization, Acid Neutralization Capacity (ANC), Method No. 7
,
Environment Canada and Alberta Environmental Center
,
1986
.
2.
Côté
,
P. L.
and
Bridle
,
T. R.
, “
Long-Term Leaching Scenarios for Cement-Based Waste Forms
,”
Waste Management and Research
 0734-242X, Vol.
5
,
1987
, pp. 55–66.
3.
Stegmann
,
J.
,
Côté
,
P. L.
, and
Hannak
,
P.
, “
Preliminary Results of an International Government Study of Waste Stabilization/Solidification
,”
Hazardous Waste: Detection, Control, Treatment
,
Abbou
R.
, Ed.,
Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.
,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
1988
, pp. 1539–1548.
4.
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)
, Method 1311, SW-846, 3rd ed.,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
Washington, DC
,
11
1986
.
5.
Shively
,
W.
,
Bishop
,
P.
,
Gress
,
D.
, and
Brown
,
T.
, “
Leaching Tests of Heavy Metals Stabilized with Portland Cement
,”
Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation
 0043-1303, Vol.
58
, No.
234
,
1986
.
6.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
,
Federal Register
, Vol.
52
, No.
155
,
12
08
1987
, p. 29999.
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