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ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Adhesion Measurement of Thin Films, Thick Films, and Bulk Coatings
By
KL Mittal
KL Mittal
1
East Fishkill Facility, IBM Corporation
,
Hopewell Junction, N.Y. 12533
;
symposium chairman and editor
.
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ISBN-10:
0-8031-0272-0
ISBN:
978-0-8031-0272-9
No. of Pages:
412
Publisher:
ASTM International
Publication date:
1978

The adhesive energies of nickel on thorium dioxide (ThO2), nickel/chromium (80/20) on ThO2, and iron/nickel/chromium (304 stainless steel) on aluminum oxide (Al2O3) were determined at temperatures ranging from roughly 200°C (360°F) below the melting point of the metallic component to approximately 50°C (90°F) above. The technique involves the measurement of the average surface free energy for the solid metals and liquid metal drops utilizing the zero-creep and sessiledrop shape concepts, respectively. Measurements of equilibrium energetics and associated geometries as well as the contact angles at metallic particles in contact with the ceramic substrates are described using the techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Measurements of surface free energy of nickel/chromium and stainless steel drops equilibrated at temperatures below the melting point and utilizing the sessile-drop method are compared with those determined by the zero-creep method. The results of this investigation represent the first systematic study of the variation of adhesive energy of a metal/ceramic system with temperature, and the comparison of surface free energies determined from equilibrium particle shapes with zero-creep measurements of wires of the same material in the solid state.

1.
Murr
,
L. E.
and
Ahmad
,
U. M.
,
Scripta Metallurgica
 0036-9748, Vol.
10
,
1976
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2.
Murr
,
L. E.
,
Interfacial Phenomena in Metals and Alloys
,
Addison-Wesley
,
Reading, Mass.
,
1975
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3.
Ahmad
,
U. M.
and
Murr
,
L. E.
,
Journal of Materials Science
 0022-2461, Vol.
11
,
1976
, pp. 224–230.
4.
Koshavnik
,
A. Y.
,
Kusankuv
,
M. M.
, and
Lubman
,
N. M.
,
Journal of Physical Chemistry
 0022-3654, Vol.
27
,
1953
, pp. 1887–1895.
5.
Murr
,
L. E.
,
Horylev
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R. J.
, and
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,
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 0039-6028, Vol.
26
,
1971
, pp. 184–196.
6.
Murr
,
L. E.
,
Journal of Materials Science
 0022-2461, Vol.
9
,
1974
, pp. 1309–1319.
7.
Murr
,
L. E.
,
Materials Science and Engineering
 0025-5416, Vol.
12
,
1973
, pp. 277–283.
8.
Webster
,
D.
,
Transactions, American Society for Metals
 0096-7416, Vol.
62
,
1969
, pp. 1309–1315.
9.
Olsen
,
R. J.
,
Judd
,
G.
, and
Ansell
,
G. S.
,
Metallurgical Transactions
 0026-086X, Vol.
2A
,
1971
, pp. 1353–1360.
10.
Stickle
,
D. R.
,
Hirth
,
J. P.
,
Meyrick
,
G.
, and
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,
R.
,
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 0026-086X, Vol.
7A
,
1976
, pp. 71–74.
11.
Alcock
,
C. B.
and
Brown
,
P. B.
,
Metal Science Journal
 0026-0681, Vol.
3
,
1969
, pp. 116–120.
12.
Murr
,
L. E.
,
Thin Solid Films
 0040-6090, Vol.
20
,
1974
, pp. 81–89.
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