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ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Mechanics of Crack Growth
ISBN-10:
0-8031-0509-6
ISBN:
978-0-8031-0509-6
No. of Pages:
507
Publisher:
ASTM International
Publication date:
1976
eBook Chapter
Stress Intensity Factor Solutions for Continuous Surface Flaws in Reactor Pressure Vessels
By
CB Buchalet
,
CB Buchalet
1
Senior engineers
, respectively, Westinghouse Nuclear Energy Systems
, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15320
.
Search for other works by this author on:
WH Bamford
WH Bamford
1
Senior engineers
, respectively, Westinghouse Nuclear Energy Systems
, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15320
.
Search for other works by this author on:
Page Count:
18
-
Published:1976
Citation
Buchalet, C, & Bamford, W. "Stress Intensity Factor Solutions for Continuous Surface Flaws in Reactor Pressure Vessels." Mechanics of Crack Growth. Ed. Rice, J, & Paris, P. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 : ASTM International, 1976.
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A two-dimensional finite element method is used to develop stress intensity factor solutions for continuous surface flaws in structures subjected to an arbitrary loading. The arbitrary loading produces a stress profile σ acting perpendicularly to a given section S of the structure. The stress profile is represented by a third degree polynomial
Stress intensity factor solutions are developed for continuous surface flaws introduced in particular sections S in the structure considered. Solutions are developed for a surface flaw in a flat plate, for both circumferential and longitudinal flaws inside a cylindrical vessel, and for circumferential flaws at several locations inside a reactor vessel nozzle.
The superposition principle is used, and the crack surface is subjected successively to uniform (σ = A0), linear (σ = A1x), quadratic (σ = A2x2), and cubic (σ = A3x3) stress profiles. The corresponding stress intensity factors (KI(0), KI(1), KI(2), KI(3)) are then derived for various crack depths using the calculated stress profile in the region of the crack tip. The total stress intensity factor corresponding to the cracked structure subjected to the arbitrary stress profile is expressed as the sum of the partial stress intensity factors for each type of loading. where, a is the crack depth and F1, F2, F3, and F4 are the magnification factors relative to the geometry considered. The results are presented in terms of magnification factors versus fractional distance through the wall (a/t) and reveal the strong influence of the geometry of the structure and of the crack orientation.
The stress intensity factor solutions obtained using this method are compared to solutions obtained using other methods, when available. In the case of the plate geometry, the solution obtained for the linear loading (σ = A0 + A1x) is shown to agree well with the boundary collocation solution reported by Brown and Srawley. The stress intensity factor solutions for the circumferential and longitudinal cracks in the cylindrical vessel compare well with solutions obtained by Labbeins et al using the weight functions method proposed by Bueckner, and are also in good agreement with the solution for uniform loading (σ = A0) obtained using the line spring method proposed by Rice.
References
1.
Brown
, W. F.
, Jr., and Srawley
, J. E.
, Plane Strain Crack Toughness Testing of High Strength Metallic Materials
, ASTM STP 410, American Society for Testing and Materials
, 1966
.2.
Shah
, R. C.
and Kobayashi
, A. S.
, Engineering and Fracture Mechanics
0013-7944, Vol. 3
, 1971
, pp. 71–96.3.
Kobayashi
, A. S.
, “On the Magnification Factors for Deep Surface Flaws
,” Structural Development Research Memorandum No. 16, The Boeing Company
, Seattle, Wash.
, 12
1965
.4.
Irwin
, G. R.
, Krafft
, J. M.
, Paris
, P. C.
, and Wells
, A. A.
, “Basic Aspects of Crack Growth and Fracture
,” Section 7 in Technology of Steel Pressure Vessels for Water-Cooled Nuclear Reactors, ORNL-NSIC-21, Oakridge National Laboratory
, 12
1967
.5.
Irwin
, G. R.
, “Analysis of Stresses and Strains Near the End of a Crack Traversing a Plate
,” Transactions, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Journal of Applied Mechanics
, Vol. 79
, 1957
, pp. 361–364.6.
Labbens
R. C.
, Pellissier-Tanon
A.
, and Heliot
J.
, this symposium, pp. 368–384.7.
Bueckner
, H. F.
in Methods of Analysis and Solutions of Crack Problems
, Sih
G. C.
, Ed., 1973
, Chapter V, p. 239.8.
Levy
, N.
and Rice
, J. R.
, “Surface Cracks in Elastic Plates and Shells
,” to be published by Brown University
.9.
Buchalet
, C. B.
in Fracture Analysis, Proceedings of the 1973 National Symposium on Fracture Mechanics
, Part II, ASTM STP 560, American Society for Testing and Materials
, 1974
, pp. 240–255.10.
Sih
, G.
, Paris
, P.
, and Erdogan
, F.
, “Crack Tip Stress Intensity Factor for Plane Extension and Plate Bending Problems
,” Transactions, American Society of Mechanical Engineers
0097-6822, Vol. 84
, Series E, 1962
, pp. 306–312.
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