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ASTM Selected Technical Papers
Cryogens and Gases: Testing Methods and Standards Development
By
RW Vance
RW Vance
1
Past president
,
Cryogenic Society of America
,
Los Angeles, Calif.
;
symposium general chairman
Search for other works by this author on:
ISBN-10:
0-8031-4489-X
ISBN:
978-0-8031-4489-7
No. of Pages:
84
Publisher:
ASTM International
Publication date:
1973

Significant advances have been made in recent years in the quality and range of thermophysical data for the cryogenic propellants, pressurants, and inertants. These advances have resulted from improved evaluation and compilation techniques coupled with better and more extensive experimental data and from a better theoretical understanding of the physical properties of gases. A review of recently completed and current data compilation projects for helium, hydrogen, argon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, and methane will be given as well as recommended references for thermodynamic and transport property data tables for these fluids. Modern techniques in the plotting of thermodynamic charts from tabular data (or from functions such as the equation of state) have greatly improved their precision and value. A list of such charts is included.

1.
A Compendium of the Properties of Materials at Low Temperature
,” Phase I,
Johnson
V. J.
, general Ed.,
07
1960
and Phase II,
Stewart
R. B.
and
Johnson
V. J.
, general Eds.,
12
1961
, WADD Technical Report 60-56.
2.
Johnson
,
V. J.
and
Diller
,
D. E.
, “
Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Fluids and Selected Solids for Cryogenic Applications
,” Summary Report of work performed on NASA Contracts R-06-006-046 and W-12, 745. National Bureau of Standards Report No. 9782,
10
1970
, unpublished.
3.
McCarty
,
R. D.
, “
Provisional Thermodynamic Functions for Helium-4 for Temperatures from 2 to 1500 K with Pressures to 100 MN/m2 (1000 Atmospheres)
,” National Bureau of Standards Report,
08
1970
, unpublished.
4.
McCarty
,
R. D.
, “
Thermodynamic Properties of Helium-4 from 2 to 1500 K at Pressures to 100 MN/m2
,”
National Bureau of Standard
, NSRDS-NBS Monograph,
1972
, in preparation.
5.
McCarty
,
R. D.
, “
Thermophysical Properties of Helium-4 from 2 to 1500 K with Pressures to 1000 Atmospheres
,” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
631
,
11
1972
.
6.
McCarty
,
R. D.
, “Thermophysical Properties of Helium-4 from 4 to 3000 R with Pressures to 15,000 psia,” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
622
,
09
1972
.
7.
Mann
,
D. B.
, “The Thermodynamic Properties of Helium from 3 to 300 K Between 0.5 and 100 Atmospheres,” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
154
,
01
1962
.
8.
Mann
,
D. B.
, “The Thermodynamic Properties of Helium from 6 to 540 R Between 10 and 1500 PSIA,” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
154A
01
1962
.
9.
Roder
,
H. M.
,
Weber
,
L. A.
, and
Goodwin
,
R. D.
, “Thermodynamic and Related Properties of Parahydrogen from the Triple Point to 100 K at Pressures to 340 Atmospheres,” National Bureau of Standards Monograph
94
,
08
1965
.
10.
Hall
,
W. J.
,
McCarty
,
R. D.
, and
Roder
,
H. M.
, “
Computer Programs for Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Hydrogen
,” National Bureau of Standards Report,
08
1967
, unpublished.
11.
Roder
,
H. M.
,
McCarty
,
R. D.
, and
Hall
,
W. J.
, “Computer Programs for Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Hydrogen (Tabcode II),” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
625
,
10
1972
.
12.
Roder
,
H. M.
and
Goodwin
,
R. D.
, “Provisional Thermodynamic Functions for Para-Hydrogen,” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
130
,
12
1961
.
13.
Sindt
,
C. F.
and
Mann
,
D. B.
, “Temperature-Entropy Diagram for Parahydrogen Triple-Point Region,” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
343
,
06
1966
.
14.
McCarty
,
R. D.
and
Weber
,
L. A.
, “Thermophysical Properties of Para-Hydrogen from the Freezing Liquid line to 5000 R for Pressures to 10,000 PSIA,” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
617
,
04
1972
.
15.
Wolley
,
H. W.
,
Scott
,
R. B.
, and
Brickwedde
,
F. G.
, “
Compilation of Thermal Properties of Hydrogen in its Various Isotopic and Ortho-Para Modifications
,”
Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards
 0160-1741, Vol.
41
, Research Report 1932,
11
1948
.
16.
Dean
,
J. W.
, “A Tabulation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Normal Hydrogen from Low Temperatures to 300 K and from 1 to 100 Atmospheres,” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
120
,
11
1961
.
17.
Dean
,
J. W.
, “A Tabulation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Normal Hydrogen from Low Temperatures to 540 R and from 10 to 1500 PSIA,” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
120A
,
06
1962
.
18.
Hust
,
J. G.
and
Stewart
,
R. B.
, “
A Compilation of the Property Differences of Ortho and Para Hydrogen or Mixtures of Ortho and Para Hydrogen
,” National Bureau of Standards Report,
05
1965
, unpublished.
19.
Gosman
,
A. L.
,
McCarty
,
R. D.
, and
Hust
,
J. G.
, “
Thermodynamic Properties of Argon from the Triple Point to 300 K at Pressures to 1000 Atmospheres
,”
National Bureau of Standards
, NSRDS-NBS 27, March 1969.
20.
Vasserman
,
A. A.
and
Rabinovich
,
V. A.
, “
Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Air and Its Components
,”
Publishing House for State Standards
,
Moscow
,
1968
; translation:
Israel Program for Scientific Translations
,
Jerusalem
,
1970
; available from the
National Technical Information Service
,
Springfield, Va.
21.
Vasserman
,
A. A.
,
Kazavchinskii
,
Ya. Z.
, and
Rabinovich
,
V. A.
, “
The Thermophysical Properties of Air and its Components
,”
Publishing House for State Standards
,
Moscow
,
1966
; translation:
Israel Program for Scientific Translations
,
Jerusalem
,
1971
, available from the
National Technical Information Service
,
Springfield, Va.
22.
Angus
,
S.
and
Armstron
,
B.
, Eds.,
International Thermodynamic Tables of the Fluid State: Argon, 1971
,
Butterworths
,
London
, available from
Butterworths Scientific Publication
,
Washington, D.C.
23.
Strobridge
,
T. R.
, “The Thermodynamic Properties of Nitrogen from 64 to 300 K Between 0.1 and 200 Atmospheres,” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
129
,
01
1962
.
24.
Strobridge
,
T. R.
, “The Thermodynamic Properties of Nitrogen from 114 to 540 R between 1.0 and 3000 PSIA,” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
129A
,
02
1963
.
25.
Coleman
,
T. C.
and
Stewart
,
R. B.
, “
The Thermodynamic Properties of Nitrogen
,” Research Report No. 11,
University of Idaho
;
Coleman
,
T. C.
and
Stewart
,
R. B.
, “
The Thermodynamic Properties of Nitrogen
,” Second Progress Report to Office of Standard Reference Data, National Bureau of Standards
09
1970
.
26.
Jacobsen
,
R. T.
, “
The Thermodynamic Properties of Nitrogen from 65 to 2000 K with Presesures to 10,000 atm
,” Ph.D. thesis,
Washington State University
,
1972
.
27.
Stewart
,
R. B.
,
Jacobsen
,
R. T.
, and
Myers
,
A. F.
, “
The Thermodynamic Properties of Oxygen and Nitrogen, Part I—Thermodynamic Properties of Nitrogen from 115 R to 3500 R with Pressures to 150,000 psia
,” final Report to
NASA-Manned Spacecraft Center
, Houston,
31
08
1972
, prepared by the authors at the University of Idaho; Moscow, Idaho.
28.
Stewart
,
R. B.
, “
Thermodynamic Properties of Oxygen
,” Ph.D. thesis,
The University of Iowa
,
1966
.
29.
Weber
,
L. A.
, “
Thermodynamic and Related Properties of Oxygen from the Triple Point to 300 K at Pressures to 330 Atmospheres
,” National Bureau of Standards Report,
06
1968
, unpublished.
30.
Weber
,
L. A.
, “
P-V-T, Thermodynamic and Related Properties of Oxygen from the Triple Point to 300 K at Pressures to 33 MN/m2
,”
Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards
 0160-1741, Vol.
74A
, No.
1
, Jan.–Feb. 1970.
31.
Goodwin
,
R. D.
and
Weber
,
L. A.
, “
Specific Heats Cv of Fluid Oxygen from the Triple Point to 300 K at Pressures to 350 Atmospheres
,”
Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards
 0160-1741, Vol.
73A
, No.
1
,
01
1969
.
32.
McCarty
,
R. D.
and
Weber
,
L. A.
, “Thermophysical Properties of Oxygen from the Freezing Liquid Line to 600 R for Pressures to 5000 PSIA,” National Bureau of Standards Technical Note
384
,
07
1971
.
33.
Prydz
,
R.
,
Metrologia
 0026-1394, Vol.
8
, No.
1
,
01
1972
, pp. 1–4.
34.
Younglove
,
B. A.
,
Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards
 0160-1741, Vol.
76A
, No.
1
, Jan.–Feb. 1972, pp. 37–40.
35.
Straty
,
G. C.
and
Younglove
,
B. A.
, “
Sound Velocity in Saturated and Compressed Fluid Oxygen
,” submitted to
Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
 0021-9614 for publication.
36.
Roder
,
H. M.
and
Weber
,
L. A.
, “
ASRDI Oxygen Technology Survey, Volume I: Thermophysical Properties
,” submitted to NASA for publication as a Special Publication. (NASA SP-3071;
1972
.)
37.
Prydz
,
R.
and
Straty
,
G. C.
, “The Thermodynamic Properties of Compressed Gaseous and Liquid Fluorine,” National Bureau of Standards of Technical Note
392
,
10
1970
.
38.
Straty
,
G. C.
and
Younglove
,
B. A.
,
Journal of Chemical Physics
 0021-9606, Vol.
57
, No.
6
,
09
1972
, pp. 2255–2259.
39.
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
and
Prydz
,
R.
, “
Calculated Values for the Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity Coefficients of Gaseous and Liquid Fluorine
,” submitted to
Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data
 0047-2689 for publication.
40.
Hall
,
L. A.
, “A Bibliography of Thermophysical Properties of Methane from 0 to 300 K,”
National Bureau of Standards
Technical Note
367
,
05
1968
.
41.
Goodwin
,
R. D.
, “
Thermophysical Properties of Methane: Virial Coefficients, Vapor and Melting Pressures
,”
Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards
 0160-1741, Vol.
74A
, Sept.–Oct. 1970.
42.
Goodwin
,
R. D.
, “
Thermophysical Properties of Methane: Orthobaric Densities and Some Thermal Properties
,”
Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards
 0160-1741, Vol.
75A
, No.
1
, Jan.–Feb. 1971.
43.
Goodwin
,
R. D.
, “
Methane Equation of State and Outline of Thermodynamic Functions
,” First Annual Progress Report to the American Gas Association,
National Bureau of Standards Report
,
02
1971
, unpublished.
44.
Prydz
,
R.
and
Goodwin
,
R. D.
,
Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics
 0021-9614, Vol.
4
, No.
1
,
01
1972
, pp. 127–133.
45.
Goodwin
,
R. D.
and
Prydz
,
R.
,
Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards
 0160-1741, Vol.
76A
, No.
2
, March–April 1972, pp. 81–101.
46.
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
,
Journal of Chemical Physics
 0021-9606, Vol.
44
, No.
11
,
06
1966
, pp. 4219–4222.
47.
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
, “The Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity Coefficients of Dilute Argon Between 100 and 2000 K,”
National Bureau of Standards
Technical Note
333
,
03
1966
.
48.
Childs
,
G. E.
and
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
, “The Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity Coefficients of Dilute Nitrogen and Oxygen,”
National Bureau of Standards
Technical Note
350
,
10
1966
.
49.
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
and
Childs
,
G. E.
, “The Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity Coefficients of Dilute Neon, Drypton, and Xenon,”
National Bureau of Standards
Technical Note
352
,
03
1967
.
50.
Hanley
,
H. J. H.
and
Klein
,
M.
, “On the Selection of the Intermolecular Potential Function: Application of Statistical Mechanical Theory to Experiment,”
National Bureau of Standards
Technical Note
360
,
11
1967
.
51.
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
,
Journal of Chemical Education
 0021-9584, Vol.
44
, No.
12
,
12
1967
, pp. 717–723.
52.
Childs
,
G. E.
and
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
,
Cryogenics
 0011-2275, Vol.
8
,
04
1968
, pp. 94–97.
53.
Klein
,
M.
and
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
,
Transactions
,
Faraday Society
, Vol.
64
, No. 551, Part 11,
11
1968
, pp. 2927–2938.
54.
Hanley
,
H. J. M
and
Childs
,
G. E.
,
Science
 1095-9203, Vol.
159
,
1968
, pp. 1114–1117.
55.
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
and
McCarty
,
R. D.
,
Journal of Chemical Physics
 0021-9606, Vol.
50
, No.
2
,
01
1969
, pp. 857–870.
56.
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
and
Childs
,
G. E.
,
Journal of Chemical Physics
 0021-9606, Vol.
50
, No.
10
,
05
1969
, pp. 4600–4601.
57.
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
and
Klien
,
M.
,
Journal of Chemical Physics
 0021-9606, Vol.
50
, No.
11
,
06
1969
, pp. 4765–4770.
58.
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
,
McCarty
,
R. D.
, and
Intemann
,
H.
,
Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards
 0160-1741, Vol.
74A
, No.
3
, May–June 1970, pp. 331–353.
59.
Angerhofer
,
P. E.
and
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
, “
The Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity Coefficients of Nine Fluids: Preliminary Values
,”
National Burean of Standards Report
,
08
1971
, unpublished.
60.
Guevara
,
F. A.
,
McInteer
,
B. B.
,
Ottesen
,
D.
, and
Hanley
,
H. J. M.
, “A Critique of the High Temperature Viscosity Measurement of Trautz and Zink,”
Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
Technical Note
LA-4643-MS
,
06
1971
.
61.
Olien
,
N. A.
, “
The Cryogenic Data Center, an Information Service in the Field of Cryogenics
,”
Cryogenics
 0011-2275, Vol.
11
, No.
11
,
1971
.
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