Normal shock waves structured by nonequilibrium radiative and collisional ionization are solved analytically on the basis of a generalized radiation model. Just downstream of the interior embedded discontinuity, it is assumed and justified a posteriori that electron-atom collisional ionization to local thermodynamic equilibrium occurs over a length that is sufficiently small compared with the relevant one-step photon path. It is discovered that the appropriate emission-convection ratio is also a rather small quantity. Both small quantities lead to iterations studied to second approximation. The resulting shock morphology consists of a strong precursor, the embedded discontinuity, an inner collisional tail, and an outer radiative tail. Relevant calculations for helium are presented for a downstream degree of ionization of 0.8, an upstream temperature of 300 deg K, and upstream pressures of 10−3, 10−4, and 10−5 atm.
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September 1970
Research Papers
Normal Shock Waves Structured by Nonequilibrium Radiative and Collisional Ionization
Joseph H. Clarke,
Joseph H. Clarke
Division of Engineering and Center for Fluid Dynamics, Brown University, Providence, R. I.
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Michele Onorato
Michele Onorato
Division of Engineering and Center for Fluid Dynamics, Brown University, Providence, R. I.
Search for other works by this author on:
Joseph H. Clarke
Division of Engineering and Center for Fluid Dynamics, Brown University, Providence, R. I.
Michele Onorato
Division of Engineering and Center for Fluid Dynamics, Brown University, Providence, R. I.
J. Appl. Mech. Sep 1970, 37(3): 783-800 (18 pages)
Published Online: September 1, 1970
Article history
Received:
July 8, 1969
Revised:
January 21, 1970
Online:
July 12, 2010
Citation
Clarke, J. H., and Onorato, M. (September 1, 1970). "Normal Shock Waves Structured by Nonequilibrium Radiative and Collisional Ionization." ASME. J. Appl. Mech. September 1970; 37(3): 783–800. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3408611
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