Development of a Novel Wear Testing Device for the Investigation of Articular Cartilage and Compliant Polymers for Use in Biomedical Implants

Development of new biomaterials for use on the articulating surfaces of total-joint implants is essential to the improvement of implant design and implant lifetimes. Currently, rigid ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is the most commonly used material for implant wear surfaces because of its high wear resistance. However, UHMWPE does not mimic the properties of native articular cartilage, nor does it exploit the full potential of ambient synovial fluid for joint lubrication. Furthermore, implant loosening due to the body’s reaction to UHMWPE particulate is a leading reason for the limited lifetimes of such implants [1]. A new approach is needed in order to increase the pain-free lifetime for those persons requiring total-joint arthroplasty. Such an approach will likely involve synthetic or natural materials with properties that more closely resemble natural articular cartilage.