Synthesis and Electromechanical Characterization of Polypyrrole Bi-Layer Thin Porous Films

This paper investigated the physical and electromechanical properties of polypyrrole thin films that were prepared using electrochemical synthesis techniques. The morphology, mass, and thickness of the as-made films were examined when the processing parameters were varied in terms of synthesis voltage, deposition time, and polarization time. Upon actuation of the polypyrrole bi-layer, there were similar trends for both morphology and bending displacement with varying deposition and polarization times as well as actuation voltages. A general relationship between morphology and bending displacement was observed when the processing parameters were varied.