In the current athletic footwear market, there exists a range of shoe architectures that offer a variety of support and flexibility options. The importance of footwear type has proved to be significant in the prevention of acute injuries due to impact forces [1, 2]. It has been shown that impact forces have most often been implicated in overuse running injuries, such as stress fractures and plantar fasciitis [2]. Additionally, material properties of damping elements, such as shoes, have demonstrated an effect on impact forces. Athletic footwear is categorized by the attribute of flexibility. The natural flex observed in the sole determines the flexibility; a more flexible shoe flexes closer to the mid-foot region, while a shoe designed for stability will flex closer to the ball of the shoe. Prior work has quantified the material stiffness of different shoe architectures with stability shoes possessing higher material stiffness than flexible shoes [3].
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The Effects of Shoe Architecture on Heel Impact Forces During Gait Available to Purchase
Lawson, B, Aguilar, F, Knop, L, & Goehler, CM. "The Effects of Shoe Architecture on Heel Impact Forces During Gait." Proceedings of the ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. Volume 1B: Extremity; Fluid Mechanics; Gait; Growth, Remodeling, and Repair; Heart Valves; Injury Biomechanics; Mechanotransduction and Sub-Cellular Biophysics; MultiScale Biotransport; Muscle, Tendon and Ligament; Musculoskeletal Devices; Multiscale Mechanics; Thermal Medicine; Ocular Biomechanics; Pediatric Hemodynamics; Pericellular Phenomena; Tissue Mechanics; Biotransport Design and Devices; Spine; Stent Device Hemodynamics; Vascular Solid Mechanics; Student Paper and Design Competitions. Sunriver, Oregon, USA. June 26–29, 2013. V01BT59A002. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/SBC2013-14184
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