Anterior Instability of the Shoulder: Effect of Arm Position and Relative Contributions of Bony Bankart and Hill-Sachs Defects

Shoulder stability can be significantly reduced in the presence of bony defects. Bony Bankart and Hill-Sachs lesions are known causes for recurrent shoulder dislocation. It has been shown in literature that often these defects are present together during cases of recurrent dislocation. ¹ However, past studies have only analyzed the effects of isolated bony Bankart or Hill-Sachs lesions. ^{2, 3} Recent studies have stated that a Hill-Sachs lesion that “engages” the anterior glenoid has a critical impact on shoulder stability. ⁴ It is important to understand the relationship between these two bony defects, as this would lead to better management of the shoulders’ instability.