Impact loading of the lower legs can occur during a range of events such as car crashes, parachute landings, or anti-vehicular (AV) landmine blasts. This rapid, high-force loading can lead to debilitating injuries and long-term impairment. For military applications, the current lower leg injury standard is a maximum axial force of 5.4 kN, measured using a standard 50th percentile male Anthropomorphic Test Device (ATD) [1,2]. For an ATD leg to be an appropriate tool for assessing injury risk, it must have an impact response similar to that of the natural human leg.

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