Shear stress and stretch can modulate functions of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) by activating mechano-sensors, signaling pathways, and gene/protein expressions. Sustained shear stress with a forward direction causes only a transient activation of atherogenic genes, followed by down-regulation. In ECs exposed to complex flow with little forward direction, activation of these atherogenic genes is sustained, and cell turnover is accelerated. Cyclic uniaxial stretch causes orientation of actin stress fibers perpendicular to stretch direction, and this causes a decrease of intracellular stress, transient JNK activation, and protection of ECs against apoptosis. Cyclic biaxial stretch without a preferred direction has opposite effects. In the straight arteries, laminar shear stress with a forward direction and uniaxial strain with a circumferential direction have anti-atherogenic effects. At branch points, the complex shear flow and mechanical strain with little net direction are atherogenic. The direction of mechanical forces has important effects on ECs in health and disease.
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ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference
June 25–29, 2008
Marco Island, Florida, USA
Conference Sponsors:
- Bioengineering Division
ISBN:
978-0-7918-4321-5
PROCEEDINGS PAPER
Role of Mechanical Forces in Endothelial Homeostasis
Shu Chien
Shu Chien
University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Shu Chien
University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
Paper No:
SBC2008-193197, pp. 65-66; 2 pages
Published Online:
March 13, 2014
Citation
Chien, S. "Role of Mechanical Forces in Endothelial Homeostasis." Proceedings of the ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B. Marco Island, Florida, USA. June 25–29, 2008. pp. 65-66. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/SBC2008-193197
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