Biphasic Viscoelastic Properties of Human TMJ Disc

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a load-bearing joint consisting of the condyle of the mandibular bone, the fossa eminence of the temporal bone, and a fibrocartilaginous disc wedged in between the bone surfaces (Figure 1A). The TMJ disc serves to distribute stress, lubricate movement, and protect the articular surfaces of the joint. The TMJ disc is a viscoelastic material consisting of two principle phases: a solid matrix composed mainly of collagen and proteoglycan, and a fluid phase primarily comprised of interstitial fluid.