Validation of Computational Knee Models Using a Dynamic Knee Simulator

Computational models of the knee provide valuable information on knee biomechanics, but validation of these models is challenging as in-vivo parameters such as muscle forces and tissue loading cannot be measured. Machines that simulate the dynamic loading and motion of physiological activities on cadaver knees can provide a means for validating computational knee models and modeling methods. In this approach, all forces applied to cadaver knees are known and can be replicated in computational simulations. The resulting experimental and computational kinematics can then be compared. Presented here is the development and use of a modeling platform comprised of a multi-body computational model of a cadaver knee and dynamic knee simulator and experimental measurements from the cadaver knee loaded in the machine. This modeling platform has been used to study: 1) patient specific reference lengths versus literature obtained reference lengths [1], 2) inclusion of ligament and tendon wrapping [2] and, 3) the development of a multi-body model of the meniscus [3].