Numerical Simulation of Ductile Crack Growth in Pipeline Steels Available to Purchase

This paper presents numerical studies on stable crack extension of high toughness gas pipeline steels (X80) using the 2D and 3D computational cell approach. The Gurson-Tvergaard dilatant plasticity model for voided materials is used to describe the degradation of material stress capacity. Fixed-size, computational cell elements defined over a thin layer at the crack plane provide an explicit length scale for the continuum damage process. Outside this layer, the material is modeled as undamaged by void growth. The key micro-mechanics parameters are D, the thickness of the computational cell layer, and ƒ₀, the initial cell porosity. Calibration of these parameters is conducted using analysis of ductile tearing from testing of Charpy-sized bending specimens. The resulting computational model enables the study of effects on crack growth of specimen size, geometry and loading mode. Computational and experimental studies are described for shallow and deep DWTT (drop weight tear test) specimens under quasi-static loading conditions.