A Priori Analysis of Explicit Algebraic Stress Models for a Turbulent Flow Through a Straight Square Duct

The ability of two explicit algebraic Reynolds stress models (EARSMs) to accurately predict the problem of fully turbulent flow in a straight square duct is studied. The first model is devised by Gatski and Rumsey (2001) and the second is the one derived by Wallin and Johansson (2000). These models are studied using a priori procedure based on data resulting from direct numerical simulation (DNS) of the Navier-Stokes equations, which is available for this problem. For this case, we show that the equilibrium assumption for the anisotropy tensor is found to be correct. The analysis leans on the maps of the second and third invariants of the Reynolds stress tensor. In order to handle wall-proximity effects in the near-wall region, damping functions are implemented in the two models. The predictions and DNS obtained for a Reynolds number of 4800 both agree well and show that these models are able to predict such flows.