This study evaluates potential aggregate effects of net-zero energy building (NZEB) implementations on the electrical grid in simulation-based analysis. Many studies have been conducted on how effective NZEB designs can be achieved, however the potential impact of NZEBs have not been explored sufficiently. As significant penetration of NZEBs occurs, the aggregated electricity demand profile of the buildings on the electrical grid would experience dramatic changes. To estimate the impact of NZEBs on the electrical grid, a simulation-based study of an office building with a grid-tied PV power generation system is conducted. This study assumes that net-metering is available for NZEBs such that the excess on-site PV generation can be fed to the electrical grid. The impact of electrical energy storage (EES) within NZEBs on the electrical grid is also considered in this study. Finally, construction weighting factors of the office building type in U.S. climate zones are used to estimate the number of national office buildings. In order to consider the adoption of NZEBs in the future, this study examines scenarios with 20%, 50%, and 100% of the U.S. office building stock are composed of NZEBs. Results show that annual electricity consumption of simulated office buildings in U.S. climate locations includes the range of around 85 kWh/m2-year to 118 kWh/m2-year. Each simulated office building employs around 242 kWp to 387 kWp of maximum power outputs in the installation of on-site PV power systems to enable NZEB balances. On a national scale, the daily on-site PV power generation within NZEBs can cover around 50% to 110% of total daily electricity used in office buildings depending on weather conditions. The peak difference of U.S. electricity demand typically occurs when solar radiation is at its highest. The peak differences from the actual U.S. electricity demand on the representative summer day show 9.8%, 4.9%, and 2.0% at 12 p.m. for 100%, 50%, and 20% of the U.S. NZEB stocks, respectively. Using EES within NZEBs, the peak differences are reduced and shifted from noon to the beginning of the day, including 7.7%, 3.9%, and 1.5% for each percentage U.S. NZEB stock. NZEBs tend to create the significant curtailment of the U.S. electricity demand profile, typically during the middle of the winter day. The percentage differences at a peak point (12 p.m.) are 8.3%, 4.2%, and 1.7% for 100%, 50%, and 20% of the U.S. NZEB stocks, respectively. However, using EES on the representative winter day can flatten curtailed electricity demand curves by shifting the peak difference point to the beginning and the late afternoon of the day. The shifted peak differences show 7.4%, 3.7%, and 1.5% at 9 a.m. for three U.S. NZEB stock scenarios, respectively.
Skip Nav Destination
ASME 2018 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum
June 24–28, 2018
Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA
Conference Sponsors:
- Power Division
- Advanced Energy Systems Division
- Solar Energy Division
- Nuclear Engineering Division
ISBN:
978-0-7918-5140-1
PROCEEDINGS PAPER
Potential Impacts of Net-Zero Energy Buildings With Distributed Photovoltaic (PV) Power Generation on the Electrical Grid Available to Purchase
Dongsu Kim,
Dongsu Kim
Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS
Search for other works by this author on:
Heejin Cho,
Heejin Cho
Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS
Search for other works by this author on:
Rogelio Luck
Rogelio Luck
Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS
Search for other works by this author on:
Dongsu Kim
Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS
Heejin Cho
Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS
Rogelio Luck
Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS
Paper No:
POWER2018-7319, V002T12A008; 13 pages
Published Online:
October 4, 2018
Citation
Kim, D, Cho, H, & Luck, R. "Potential Impacts of Net-Zero Energy Buildings With Distributed Photovoltaic (PV) Power Generation on the Electrical Grid." Proceedings of the ASME 2018 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum. Volume 2: Heat Exchanger Technologies; Plant Performance; Thermal Hydraulics and Computational Fluid Dynamics; Water Management for Power Systems; Student Competition. Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA. June 24–28, 2018. V002T12A008. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/POWER2018-7319
Download citation file:
20
Views
Related Proceedings Papers
Related Articles
Potential Impacts of Net-Zero Energy Buildings With Distributed Photovoltaic Power Generation on the U.S. Electrical Grid
J. Energy Resour. Technol (June,2019)
Multifractal Analysis of Daily Global Horizontal Radiation in Complex Topography Island: La Reunion as a Case Study
J. Sol. Energy Eng (June,2019)
Insulated Glass Unit in High-Glazed Office Buildings in Brazil: Comparative HVAC Consumption Analyses
J. Eng. Sustain. Bldgs. Cities (May,2022)
Related Chapters
Introduction
Handbook of Integrated and Sustainable Buildings Equipment and Systems, Volume I: Energy Systems
Hydro Tasmania — King Island Case Study
Hydro, Wave and Tidal Energy Applications
The Design and Implement of Remote Inclinometer for Power Towers Based on MXA2500G/GSM
International Conference on Mechanical and Electrical Technology, 3rd, (ICMET-China 2011), Volumes 1–3