Stochastic Models for Long-Term Prediction of Extreme Waves: A Literature Survey

This paper presents a literature survey on time-dependent statistical modelling of extreme waves. The focus is twofold: on statistical modelling of extreme waves and time-dependent statistical modelling. The first part will consist of a thorough literature review of statistical modelling of extreme waves and wave parameters. The second part will focus on statistical modelling of time- and space-dependent variables in a more general sense, and will focus on the methodology and models used also in other relevant application areas. It was found that limited effort has been put on developing statistical models for waves incorporating spatial and long-term temporal variability and it is suggested that model improvements could be achieved by adopting approaches from other application areas. Finally, a review of projections of future extreme wave climate is presented.