Factors Affecting the Assembly of Carbon Nanostructures With Cells and Enzymes

Carbon nanostructures were synthesized and deposited through flame synthesis on stainless steel grids and foils, and on bare and ferrofluid-painted silicon wafers at different nonpremixed flame locations to produce hydrophobic surfaces. The hydrophobicity is characterized through the contact angle for water droplets placed on the surface. The surface morphology of the nanoparticles is obtained from high-resolution FESEM images. Following synthesis and deposition the adherence, activity, and stability of bacterial cells, antibodies, and enzymes on the carbon nanostructures can be studied.