Abstract
The study focuses on the formulation of hybrid hydrogel comprising Alginate, Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC), and TEMPO-oxidized nano-fibrillated cellulose (TO-NFC) for bioprinting precise scaffold for tissue engineering applications. Even though controlling capacity of porosity during scaffold fabrication can positively assist the encapsulated cell growth, the lack of right choice of material type and percentage may make it difficult to 3D bioprint scaffold conforming user defined porosity. To address that challenge, the percentages of Alginate, CMC, and TO-NFC were meticulously controlled to assess their impact on viscosity, a critical parameter governing the printability of the 3D bio-printed scaffold in this paper. By precisely manipulating the ratios of Alginate, CMC, and TO-NFC, we successfully modulated the viscosity of the bioink, facilitating the deposition of intricate 3D structures. Impact of each component was clearly identified. This fine-tuning of rheological properties enhances the accuracy and fidelity of the printed scaffold, ensuring a realistic representation of the desired anatomical features.
