Evidence of Ductile Tearing Ahead of the Cutting Tool and Modeling the Energy Consumed in Material Separation in Micro-Cutting Available to Purchase

Orthogonal micro-cutting experiments using quick-stop device are performed on Al2024-T3 and OFHC Copper to study the chip-workpiece interface in a SEM. Evidence of ductile tearing ahead of the tool at cutting speeds of 150 m/min has been found. A numerical finite element model is then developed to study the energy consumed in material separation in micro-cutting. The ductile fracture of Al2024-T3 in a complex stress state ahead of the tool is captured using a damage model. Chip formation is simulated via use of a sacrificial layer and sequential elemental deletion in this layer. Element deletion is enforced when the accumulated damage exceeds a predetermined value. A Johnson-Cook damage model that is load history dependent and with strain-to-fracture dependent on stress, strain-rate, and temperature is used to model the damage. The finite element model is validated using the cutting forces obtained from orthogonal micro-cutting experiments. Simulations are performed over a range of uncut chip thickness values. It is found that at lower uncut chip thickness values, the percentage of energy expended in material separation is higher than at higher uncut chip thicknesses. This work highlights the importance of the energy associated with material separation in the non-linear scaling effect of specific cutting energy in micro-cutting.