The lagging behavior is first exemplified by a rapidly stretched spring and a one-dimensional fin to illustrate the phase-lag concept via the thermal and mechanical properties that most engineers are familiar with. The second-order lagging model is then introduced to correlate with drug delivery in tumors and bioheat transfer that involve multiple carriers in heat/mass transport. Analytical expressions for the phase lags are derived, aiming toward revealing different physical origins for delays in different systems. For drug delivery in tumors involving nonequilibrium mass transport, the lagging behavior results from the finite time required for the rupture of liposome in releasing the antitumor drug and the finite time required for tumor cells to absorb drugs. For bioheat transfer involving nonequilibrium heat transport, on the other hand, the lagging behavior results from the finite time required for exchanging heat between tissue and blood. Pharmacodynamical and biological properties affecting the phase lags, as well as the dominating parameters over the lagging response are identified through the nondimensional analysis. Involvement of the thermal Mach number, which measures the speed of blood flow relative to the conventional thermal wave speed, is a new feature in this extension of the lagging model. The second order effects in lagging are well correlated with the number of carriers involved in nonequilibrium heat and mass transport.
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ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer
December 18–21, 2009
Shanghai, China
Conference Sponsors:
- Nanotechnology Institute
ISBN:
978-0-7918-4391-8
PROCEEDINGS PAPER
Lagging Behavior in Biological Systems Available to Purchase
D. Y. Tzou
D. Y. Tzou
University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
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D. Y. Tzou
University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
Paper No:
MNHMT2009-18544, pp. 523-535; 13 pages
Published Online:
October 26, 2010
Citation
Tzou, DY. "Lagging Behavior in Biological Systems." Proceedings of the ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer, Volume 3. Shanghai, China. December 18–21, 2009. pp. 523-535. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/MNHMT2009-18544
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