Traditionally, before flip chips can be assembled the dies have to be attached with solder bumps. This process involves the deposition of metal layers on the Al pads on the dies and this is called the under bump metallurgy (UBM). In an alternative process, however, Copper (Cu) columns can be used to replace solder bumps and the UBM process may be omitted altogether. After the bumping process, the bumped dies can be assembled on to the printed circuit board (PCB) by using either solder or conductive adhesives. In this work, the reliability issues of flip chips with Cu column bumped dies have been studied. The flip chip lifetime associated with the solder fatigue failure has been modeled for a range of geometric parameters. The relative importance of these parameters is given and solder volume has been identified as the most important design parameter for long-term reliability. Another important problem that has been studied in this work is the dissolution of protection metals on the pad and Cu column in the reflow process. For small solder joints the amount of Cu which dissolves into the molten solder after the protection layers have worn out may significantly affect solder joint properties.
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ASME 2003 International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition
July 6–11, 2003
Maui, Hawaii, USA
Conference Sponsors:
- Electronic and Photonic Packaging Division
ISBN:
0-7918-3690-8
PROCEEDINGS PAPER
Modelling the Performance of Lead-Free Solder Interconnects for Copper Bumped Flip-Chip Devices
Chris Bailey
Chris Bailey
University of Greenwich, London, UK
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Hua Lu
University of Greenwich, London, UK
Chris Bailey
University of Greenwich, London, UK
Paper No:
IPACK2003-35356, pp. 605-610; 6 pages
Published Online:
January 5, 2009
Citation
Lu, H, & Bailey, C. "Modelling the Performance of Lead-Free Solder Interconnects for Copper Bumped Flip-Chip Devices." Proceedings of the ASME 2003 International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition. 2003 International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition, Volume 1. Maui, Hawaii, USA. July 6–11, 2003. pp. 605-610. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/IPACK2003-35356
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