Abstract
Offshore drilling projects can be as complex as they are costly, and many problems can arise during the drilling and extraction of sub-sea pipelines petroleum, including environmental issues. The oil and gas industry relies on multi-phase, multi-component flow techniques to transport substances such as gas, oil and water through horizontal and sub-sea pipelines. Artic and offshore drill sites can be particularly challenging due to hydrate formation in the transport horizontal and sub-sea pipelines. This study investigates the feasibility of using a four-phase, four-fluid flow Multi-Component through horizontal pipelines to move a four-phase multi-component flow (oil, gas, water, and sand particles) through submerged pipelines. In order to accurately gauge the multi-component mixtures’ hydro- and thermo-dynamic properties, fluid equilibrium and phase-behavior models are constructed. As well, to examine various interrelated factors such as momentum, mass and heat transfer occurring between pipelines walls and flow, a series of equations are developed.
In the present study, the effect of temperature and pressure on multi-phase flows in horizontal and sub-sea pipelines is investigated. As well, models of flow patterns and pressure drops are created specifically for horizontal and sub-sea pipeline environments. Note that the terms “Four-Phase and Multi-Component flow” are used interchangeably in this study. And Create pressure drops and flow behavior models of multi-phase flows for horizontal and sub-sea pipelines.
Furthermore, multi-phase flows may occur in any one of the following combinations: liquid-gas, liquid-gas-solid, liquid-liquid-gas-solid, An example of a, liquid-liquid-gas-solid flow is four immiscible fluids and component (e.g., water, oil, gas, and solid), immiscible liquids being those which do not form a homogeneous mixture when added together. In terms of practical applications of multi-phase and multi-component flows, water injected into an oil pipelines helps to decreases both the pressure gradient and flow resistance.
