Engineering Pipelines for Transportation of CO₂ With Impurities

Pipeline transportation of carbon dioxide (CO₂) dates back to the early 1970’s with the construction of the Canyon Reef Carriers & Val Verde pipeline in Texas USA. Since that time about 7200 kilometers of CO₂ pipeline have been built in North America (mostly in the USA), some in Asia (Turkey) and Africa and one offshore Europe. The experience of such pipelines is predominantly for the transportation of naturally occurring and relatively pure CO₂ for the purpose of enhanced oil recovery (EOR).