Multi Response Optimization of Submerged Friction Stir Welding Process Parameters Using TOPSIS Approach

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state welding process which is used to join high-strength aircraft aluminum alloys and other metallic alloys which are difficult to weld by conventional fusion welding. In this paper, AA6063-O alloy of 6mm thickness was taken and friction stir welded under the water in order to improve the joint properties. The process parameters considered as rotational speed, welding speed and tool pin profiles (cylindrical, threaded and tapered) are optimized with multi response characteristics including hardness, tensile strength and % elongation. In order to solve a multi response optimization problem, the traditional Taguchi approach is insufficient. To overcome this constraint, a multi criteria decision making approach, namely, techniques for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is applied in the present study [13]. The optimal result indicates that the multi response characteristics of the AA6063-O during the submerged friction stir welding process can be enhanced through the TOPSIS approach. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was carried out to investigate the significant parameter for the submerged friction stir welding process. The mechanical properties of the submerged FSW are compared with normal FSW joints.