Most common microscale assembly strategies are serial based, such as robotic grasp-and-release systems. Regardless of their high cost and limited throughput, these systems are well developed and thus are easily commercialized [1]. Self-assembly (SA) is a parallel process that, when adapted to microscale, offers high throughput. Furthermore, SA eliminates the need for expensive tooling [2–4]. Yet the lack of SA process knowledge hinders its commercial implementation.

This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this content.