The objective of this work is to perform experimental measurements validated with numerical modeling results for analyzing the temperature distributions and heat affected zone during short pulse laser irradiation of tissues using focused beam. A Q-switched laser is used as a radiation source. A threelayered tissue phantom model of skin consisting of epidermis, dermis, and fatty tissues is first considered for model validation. Tumors are simulated with inhomogeneities embedded inside the tissue phantoms. Experiments are next conducted with freshly excised skin tissue samples from mice and finally on live anaesthetized mice to consider the bulk effect of convective heat transfer due to blood flow. Experimental measurements of axial and radial temperature distributions for all the cases are compared with numerical modeling results obtained using Pennes' bio-heat transfer equation coupled with either traditional Fourier parabolic or non-Fourier hyperbolic heat conduction formulation. Experimentally measured temperature profiles in tissue phantoms, skin tissue samples, and live anaesthetized mice are found to match extremely well with the predictions from the non-Fourier model than the Fourier formulation by considering skin as a multi-layered medium. It is also observed that focused laser beam produces desired temperature rise at the target site with lesser radial spread compared to a collimated laser beam source.
Volume Subject Area:
Heat Transfer
Topics:
Biological tissues,
Irradiation (Radiation exposure),
Lasers,
Temperature distribution,
Skin,
Phantoms,
Computer simulation,
Laser beams,
Bioheat transfer,
Blood flow,
Convection,
Heat,
Heat conduction,
Model validation,
Q-switching,
Radiation sources,
Temperature,
Temperature profiles,
Tumors
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