The start/stop of an internal combustion engine is probably the most common feature realizable in passenger car hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), regardless of system configuration and degree of hybridization, to achieve significant fuel economy savings in urban driving. Many examples of this feature are found in production or near-production gasoline hybrid vehicles today, with implementation through either belted starter/alternators or integrated starter/alternators. One of the key factors in the successful implementation of that technology is the ability to start and stop the engine quite fast with no or little unwanted vibrations, requiring a precise closed-loop control of the starter/alternator. This issue becomes even more acute in the case of a Diesel engine, as the instantaneous compression torque is quite large. With this in mind a simplified model of a 4-cylinder Diesel engine dynamics has been developed and identified with experimental data on a recent production, 1.9l Common-Rail Diesel engine. The engine is belt-coupled to a 10.6kW permanent magnet motor and its controller. The system was characterized in the test cell on a dynamometer to calibrate the dynamic model and develop the controller and the hardware was implemented in a mid-size prototype hybrid SUV. In this configuration, the starter/alternator is capable of starting the engine (0-800rpm idle speed) in 200-300ms, and stopping following a prescribed speed trajectory in 500-600ms with little or no vibration induced. Results from the experimental setup and from simulations are shown.

Volume Subject Area:
Dynamic Systems and Control
Topics:
Diesel engines, Modeling, Engines, Control equipment, Hybrid electric vehicles, Vibration, Automobiles, Belts, Cities, Common rail fuel injectors, Compression, Corporate average fuel economy, Cylinders, Dynamic models, Dynamics (Mechanics), Dynamometers, Engineering prototypes, Fuel efficiency, Gasoline, Hardware, Permanent magnets, Simulation, Torque, Trajectories (Physics), Internal combustion engines
1.
Kuang, M. L. “An Investigation of Engine Start-Stop NVH in a Power Split Powertrain Hybrid Electric Vehicle”. SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-1500.
2.
Tamai, G., Hoang, T., Taylor, J., Skaggs, C., and Brown, B. “Saturn Engine Stop-Start System with an Automatic Transmission”. SAE Technical Paper 2001-01-0326.
3.
Kusumi, H., Yahi, K., Ny, Y., and Abo, S. “42v Power Control System for Mild Hybrid Vehicle (MHV)”. SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-0519.
4.
Canova, M., Garcin, R., Midlam-Mohler, S., Guezennec, Y., and Rizzoni, G., 2005. “A Control-Oriented Model of Combustion Process in a HCCI Diesel Engine”. Proc. of American Control Conference.
5.
Heywood, J. B., 1988. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals. McGraw-Hill.
6.
Woschni, G., 1967. “Universally Applicable Equation for the Instantaneous Heat Transfer Coefficient in the Internal Combustion Engine”. SAE National Fuels and Lubricants, Powerplants, Transportation Meetings. SAE Technical Paper 670931.
7.
Watson, N., and Janota, M., 1982. Turbocharging the Internal Combustion Engine. McMillan Press.
8.
Hardenberg, H. O., and Hase, F. W. “An Empirical Formula for Computing the Pressure Rise Delay of a Fuel From its Cetane Number and From the Relevant Parameters of Direct-Injection Diesel Engines”. SAE Technical Paper 790493.
9.
Falcone, P., Gennaro, M. C. D., Fiengo, G., Glielmo, L., Santini, S., and Langthaler, P., 2003. “Torque Generation Model for Diesel Engine”. Proceedings of 42nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.
10.
Guzzella, L., and Onder, C. H., 2004. Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engines. Springer-Verlag.
11.
Liu, H. Q., Chalhoub, H. G., and Henein, N., 2001. “Simulation of a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine under Cold Start Conditions Using Simulink”. ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbine and Power, 123.
This content is only available via PDF.
Copyright © 2006
 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.