A Material Model for Shortening-Dependent Stiffness of Tracheal Smooth Muscle

The objectives of the present study are to develop a material model of a tracheal smooth muscle tissue from experimental data, and to simulate the mechanical response through a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis. The developed material model and simulation models are validated against the experimental data. The results obtained indicate that the approach and the material model developed are useful for describing the length-dependent characteristics of tracheal smooth muscle tissue.