New applications in Aerospace or in Energy industries require the development of new insulating materials at high temperature exhibiting anisotropic properties. Their thermal characterization requires the development of new experimental facilities. The In-Plane measurements can be very difficult due to the thermal coupling that can appear between the sample and air in its vicinity, especially for low conductivity materials. We will show that this problem can be solved either through theoretical models or by working under vacuum. A new facility developed in LEMTA for the thermal characterization at high temperature and under vacuum of anisotropic materials is presented. This type of measurements allows us to get rid of convection effects and non-homogenous oxidation of the material. This method is fast and accurate thank to the inverse method based on an analytical model and allow to estimate through only one experiment the three diffusivities in each direction.

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