A Penalty Formulation for Dynamics Analysis of Redundant Mechanical Systems Available to Purchase

Redundancy in constraining of mechanical systems achieves more stability and larger load capacity for the system, while in actuation it provides better robustness against singularities and higher maneuvrability. Few techniques have been developed to handle redundancy and singularities in dynamics analysis, yet difficulties and mathematical problems continue to manifest. This paper expands on the existing penalty techniques and incorporates the concept of actuating/passive constraints to present an elegant penalty formulation that is capable of efficiently handling singularities and redundancy in constraining and actuation and can carry out either forward or inverse dynamics analysis of mechanical systems. As such, the proposed approach is referred to as the actuating/passive constraints penalty approach, or the APCPA.