Engine Control Units (ECUs) are developed to manage the variable conditions in an operating engine, such as fuel injection, spark ignition, and valve timing, for achieving the goal of high performance, high efficiency and low emissions. Typically, an engine model is necessary for developing the engine control system. Most of the engine models for engine control are mean value engine model (MVEM) based on empirical volumetric efficiency to calculate the intake air flow rate. This kind of model is not able to simulate the changes of the valve, such as valve lift and valve timing. It can not be used for the engine with variable valve train (VVT). Therefore, a new method, able to inform the valve changing, is applied to adapt the new demand of engine models. The proposed engine model is similar to most current models except the charging system. The charging model is developed by using filling-and-emptying model to simulate the air exchange in the engine, including the intake and exhaust air dynamics. The flow through the valves is calculated according to the pressure drop between the cylinder and the manifold, the flow area of the valve opening and its flow coefficient. The other important feature of the proposed engine model is the capability of real time simulation. The model is verified by experimental volumetric efficiency and engine torque. Finally, a HIL (Hardware in the Loop) simulation is performed to confirm the real time simulation.

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