A numerical study of two-phase flow inside the nozzle holes and the issuing spray jets for a multi-hole direct injection gasoline injector has been presented in this work. The injector geometry is representative of the Spray G nozzle, an eight-hole counterbore injector, from the Engine Combustion Network (ECN). Simulations have been carried out for a fixed needle lift. Effects of turbulence, compressibility and non-condensable gases have been considered in this work. Standard k–ε turbulence model has been used to model the turbulence. Homogeneous Relaxation Model (HRM) coupled with Volume of Fluid (VOF) approach has been utilized to capture the phase change phenomena inside and outside the injector nozzle. Three different boundary conditions for the outlet domain have been imposed to examine non-flashing and evaporative, non-flashing and non-evaporative and flashing conditions. Noticeable hole-to-hole variations have been observed in terms of mass flow rates for all the holes under all the operating conditions considered in this study. Inside the nozzle holes mild cavitation-like and in the near-nozzle region flash boiling phenomena have been predicted when liquid fuel is subjected to superheated ambiance. Under favorable conditions considerable flashing has been observed in the near-nozzle regions. An enormous volume is occupied by the gasoline vapor, formed by the flash boiling of superheated liquid fuel. Large outlet domain connecting the exits of the holes and the pressure outlet boundary appeared to be necessary leading to substantial computational cost. Volume-averaging instead of mass-averaging is observed to be more effective, especially for finer mesh resolutions.
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ASME 2015 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference
November 8–11, 2015
Houston, Texas, USA
Conference Sponsors:
- Internal Combustion Engine Division
ISBN:
978-0-7918-5728-1
PROCEEDINGS PAPER
Modeling of Internal and Near-Nozzle Flow for a GDI Fuel Injector
Kaushik Saha,
Kaushik Saha
Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL
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Sibendu Som,
Sibendu Som
Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL
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Michele Battistoni,
Michele Battistoni
University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Yanheng Li,
Yanheng Li
Convergent Science Inc., Madison, WI
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P. K. Senecal
P. K. Senecal
Convergent Science Inc., Madison, WI
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Kaushik Saha
Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL
Sibendu Som
Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL
Michele Battistoni
University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Yanheng Li
Convergent Science Inc., Madison, WI
S. Quan
Convergent Science Inc., Madison, WI
P. K. Senecal
Convergent Science Inc., Madison, WI
Paper No:
ICEF2015-1112, V002T06A015; 13 pages
Published Online:
January 12, 2016
Citation
Saha, K, Som, S, Battistoni, M, Li, Y, Quan, S, & Senecal, PK. "Modeling of Internal and Near-Nozzle Flow for a GDI Fuel Injector." Proceedings of the ASME 2015 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. Volume 2: Emissions Control Systems; Instrumentation, Controls, and Hybrids; Numerical Simulation; Engine Design and Mechanical Development. Houston, Texas, USA. November 8–11, 2015. V002T06A015. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/ICEF2015-1112
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