Gasoline compression ignition concepts with the majority of the fuel being introduced early in the cycle are known as partially premixed combustion (PPC). Previous research on single- and multi-cylinder engines has shown that PPC has the potential for high thermal efficiency with low NOx and soot emissions. A variety of fuel injection strategies has been proposed in the literature. These injection strategies aim to create a partially stratified charge to simultaneously reduce NOx and soot emissions while maintaining some level of control over the combustion process through the fuel delivery system. The impact of the direct injection strategy to create a premixed charge of fuel and air has not previously been explored, and its impact on engine efficiency and emissions is not well understood. This paper explores the effect of sweeping the direct injected pilot timing from −91° to −324° ATDC, which is just after the exhaust valve closes for the engine used in this study. During the sweep, the pilot injection consistently contained 65% of the total fuel (based on command duration ratio), and the main injection timing was adjusted slightly to maintain combustion phasing near top dead center. A modern four cylinder, 1.9 L diesel engine with a variable geometry turbocharger, high pressure common rail injection system, wide included angle injectors, and variable swirl actuation was used in this study. The pistons were modified to an open bowl configuration suitable for highly premixed combustion modes. The stock diesel injection system was unmodified, and the gasoline fuel was doped with a lubricity additive to protect the high pressure fuel pump and the injectors. The study was conducted at a fixed speed/load condition of 2000 rpm and 4.0 bar brake mean effective pressure (BMEP). The pilot injection timing sweep was conducted at different intake manifold pressures, swirl levels, and fuel injection pressures. The gasoline used in this study has relatively high fuel reactivity with a research octane number of 68. The results of this experimental campaign indicate that the highest brake thermal efficiency and lowest emissions are achieved simultaneously with the earliest pilot injection timings (i.e., during the intake stroke).
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ASME 2014 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference
October 19–22, 2014
Columbus, Indiana, USA
Conference Sponsors:
- Internal Combustion Engine Division
ISBN:
978-0-7918-4616-2
PROCEEDINGS PAPER
Effect of Premixed Fuel Preparation for Partially Premixed Combustion With a Low Octane Gasoline on a Light-Duty Multi-Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine
Adam Dempsey,
Adam Dempsey
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
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Scott Curran,
Scott Curran
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
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Robert Wagner,
Robert Wagner
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
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William Cannella
William Cannella
Chevron Energy Technology Company, Richmond, CA
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Adam Dempsey
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
Scott Curran
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
Robert Wagner
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
William Cannella
Chevron Energy Technology Company, Richmond, CA
Paper No:
ICEF2014-5561, V001T03A012; 15 pages
Published Online:
December 9, 2014
Citation
Dempsey, A, Curran, S, Wagner, R, & Cannella, W. "Effect of Premixed Fuel Preparation for Partially Premixed Combustion With a Low Octane Gasoline on a Light-Duty Multi-Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine." Proceedings of the ASME 2014 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. Volume 1: Large Bore Engines; Fuels; Advanced Combustion; Emissions Control Systems. Columbus, Indiana, USA. October 19–22, 2014. V001T03A012. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/ICEF2014-5561
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