An MBT timing control criterion has been studied through burn rate analysis using pressure measurements. The optimal spark timing which maximizes the power output mainly depends on engine speed, load and mixture composition among others. A combustion invariant at MBT timing is sought to characterize the MBT combustion. Specifically, it has been shown that the maximum mass fraction acceleration point occurs around TDC at MBT timing by analytically processing the wide range spark sweep data.

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