Smoke movement in a vertical open shaft was studied by considering heat transfer to side walls and density variation due to temperature rise. Such factors used to be ignored but should be important when studying large scale upward movement of smoke in shafts with large height-to-span ratio. Steady state one-dimensional flow in the vertical direction in the shaft was theoretically described. Boussinesq approximation was not suitable in the model when the smoke temperature was high under bigger fires. The near field plume characteristics at the bottom of shaft were described based on a virtual point source assumed. The mass flow rate at the inlet level of the shaft was then calculated by using the Heskestad model. The predicted temperature rise and upward velocity were shown to both decay exponentially with height and the Nusselt number at steady state, but increased with the Reynolds number in shaft. Experiments with a 1/8 scale model were carried out to study smoke movement for different fires and were used to verify the theoretical analysis. Predicted results agreed satisfactorily with the measured values. The fire size was found to be the most important factor affecting the temperature rise and upward velocity. Buoyancy would be stronger and the hot gas thermally expanded to accelerate their upward movement.
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ASME 2008 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the Fluids Engineering, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences
August 10–14, 2008
Jacksonville, Florida, USA
Conference Sponsors:
- Heat Transfer Division
ISBN:
978-0-7918-4849-4
PROCEEDINGS PAPER
One-Dimensional Smoke Movement in Vertical Open Shafts at Steady State: Theoretical Prediction and Experimental Verification Available to Purchase
Xiaoqian Sun,
Xiaoqian Sun
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Yuanzhou Li,
Yuanzhou Li
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Longhua Hu,
Longhua Hu
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Ran Huo,
Ran Huo
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Wanki Chow,
Wanki Chow
Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Naikong Fong,
Naikong Fong
Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Cheheng GiGi Lui
Cheheng GiGi Lui
Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Xiaoqian Sun
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
Yuanzhou Li
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
Longhua Hu
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
Ran Huo
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
Wanki Chow
Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Naikong Fong
Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Cheheng GiGi Lui
Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Paper No:
HT2008-56085, pp. 7-16; 10 pages
Published Online:
July 7, 2009
Citation
Sun, X, Li, Y, Hu, L, Huo, R, Chow, W, Fong, N, & Lui, CG. "One-Dimensional Smoke Movement in Vertical Open Shafts at Steady State: Theoretical Prediction and Experimental Verification." Proceedings of the ASME 2008 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the Fluids Engineering, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. Heat Transfer: Volume 3. Jacksonville, Florida, USA. August 10–14, 2008. pp. 7-16. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/HT2008-56085
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