..., and lifespan. However, the introduction of hydrogen as the primary fuel introduces additional challenges, including potential novel failure modes, operability considerations and pollutant emissions. The NOx emissions resulting from hydrogen combustion are currently the subject of extensive research...

... study was conducted using the CFD-CRN method. The study investigated flow and temperature distributions, flame structures, and NOx formation characteristics. Two methods of introducing CH4 were examined: premixing with NH3 before burning, and direct introduction in the inner swirl stage without...

... decarbonization and there has been increased interest in replacing conventional fuels with fuels that produce less/zero carbon emissions like hydrogen. Pure hydrogen has a very wide flammability range and poses risks related to flashback and high thermal NOx production. Blending hydrogen with natural gas helps...

... Abstract This work supports the development of a low NOx emission 65 kW natural gas turbine capable of operating on 100% hydrogen. This gas turbine has been demonstrated to operate from cold start to full load on up to 30% hydrogen mixed into natural gas with single digit ppm NOx emissions...

... stabilize the flame. Experimental diagnostics include high speed flame visualization in terms of OH* chemiluminescence, and NOx pollutant at the burner outlet. The study has been carried out using both hydrogen and methane as fuels. A sweep of conditions has been carried out to identify the lean blow-off...

... of this work, a bunch of alternative burner solutions have been designed with the aim of reducing the NOx emissions while maintaining adequate limits to either blowout, flashback or thermoacoustic instabilities. To further mitigate the risk of high NOx emissions, the abatement though water injection has been...

... Abstract In the context of air pollution, Safran Helicopter Engines patented an innovative design for helicopter combustors based on Spinning Combustion Technology. The development focuses on novel concepts of kerosene fuel injectors aiming to further reduce NOx and soot particle emissions...

... approaches are compared. Experimental flame length, NOx production, and other metrics are used to evaluate the performance of the various combinations of combustion and flow models against experiments. The results suggest the use of detailed chemistry with LES to be the most appropriate for general gas...

... and temperatures and is commonly produced and transported today. Ammonia could be used directly as a Gas Turbine fuel to replace current hydrocarbon-based fuels, but its low reactivity and propensity to produce high NOx will require major combustor design changes. Alternatively, ammonia can be fully or partially...

...% Thrust and -35% for EINOx as compared to water s up to 12.5% Thrust, -28% EINOx for similar injection levels) as compared to the other two fluids. Keywords: wet compression, fluid injection, liquid hydrogen, NOx, error propagation NOMENCLATURE AI Autoignition temperature [K] IP Injection Point RH...

... process, the turbine inlet temperature (T4) is reduced by 50 K in order to reach the same T41 with a lower IGV coolant mass flow. Regarding emissions, this leads to a decreased production of nitrogen oxides (NOx). Hence, several NOx emissions parameters can be reduced by more than 4 %. CMC...

... years. However, the use of ammonia in existing gas turbine combustors entails not yet resolved challenges: based on currently available studies, the simultaneous coexistence of high NOx emissions and poor flame stability is expected when typical lean premixed technologies are used. NOx containment...

... of these cases were below 10 ng/J. Keywords: Emissions, NOx, imaging diagnostics, chemical kinetics, heat release, hydrogen NOMENCLATURE Fuel factor of the pure fuel (no mixture) Fuel factor of the fuel mixture Fuel species (ex. CH4) Emissions in a mass basis , without oxygen correction factor Emissions in ppmvd...

.... The effects of equivalence ratio and NH 3 /CH 4 mixture ratio on the emissions of NOx, CO, CH 4 , HCN, N 2 O, and NH 3 are studied at different pressures and power. Even small amounts of NH 3 introduction in the fuel results in unacceptable high NOx emissions in a conventional combustor and the flame...

... Abstract Emission standard agencies are coming up with more stringent regulations on Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), given their adverse effect on the environment. The aircraft engines operate at varying operating conditions and temperature-dependent emissions like NOx are significantly affected...

... will not provide any meaningful benefits. For 600 Wh/kg, fuel savings of up to 3% for missions below 650 nm could be obtained for a PMS where the electrical powertrain operates during takeoff, climb, and cruise. However, the NOx emissions were lowest for the takeoff and climb only PMS, implying a trade-off when...

... the utilization in a gas turbine for electricity and heat supply. Within the development of the hydrogen gas turbine, the key technology is stable and low NOx hydrogen combustion, namely the Dry Low NOx (DLN) hydrogen combustion. KHI, Aachen University of Applied Science, and B&B-AGEMA have investigated...

..., a worldwide commonly distributed chemical. Ideally, Main Main fuel section of the burner ammonia should be used directly on site as a fuel, but it has many combustion shortcomings, with a very low reactivity and a high R+P RPL and Pilot fuel sections of the burner propensity to generate NOx. Alternatively...

... the last three decades. micromix hydrogen syngas combustion NO x emissions industrial fuel-flexibility gas turbine 30 YEARS OF DRY LOW NOX MICROMIX COMBUSTOR RESEARCH FOR HYDROGEN- RICH FUELS: AN OVERVIEW OF PAST AND PRESENT ACTIVITIES Harald H.-W. Funke1, Nils Beckmann1, Jan Keinz1...

.... Keywords: Emissions, partial premixing, high pressure, axially staged combustion, reacting jet in crossflow, PIV, NOx, CO INTRODUCTION The design and operation of power generating stationary gas turbines are driven by strict emissions regulations. In recent years, dry low NOx (DLN) combustors have been...