The introduction of hydrogen into natural gas systems for environmental benefit presents potential operational issues for gas turbine combustion and power generation applications; in particular acceptable blending concentrations are still widely debated. The use of a generic swirl burner under conditions pertinent to a gas turbine combustor is therefore advantageous to (i) provide evidence of potential design modifications to inform future gas turbine operation on hydrogen blends and (ii) validate numerical model predictions. Building on a previous experimental combustion database consisting of methane-hydrogen fuel blends under atmospheric and elevated ambient conditions, a new scaled generic swirl burner has been designed for experimental investigation of flame stability and exhaust gas emissions at combustor inlet temperatures to 573 K, pressures to 0.33 MPa, and thermal powers to 126 kW. The geometry downstream of the modular burner is developed further to enable separate investigation under isothermal and combustion conditions of the influence of combustor outlet geometry and the effect of changing geometric swirl number. The burner confinement is modified to include both a cylindrical exit quartz combustion chamber and a conical convergent exit quartz combustion chamber, designed to provide a more representative geometric and acoustic boundary at the combustor outlet. Two inlet geometric swirl numbers of industrial relevance are chosen; namely 0.5 and 0.8. Combustion stability and heat release locations of lean premixed CH4-air and CH4-H2-air combustion are evaluated by a combination of OH planar laser induced fluorescence, OH* chemiluminescence, and dynamic pressure measurements. Changes in flame stabilization location are characterized by the use of an OH* chemiluminescence intensity centroid. Notable upstream flame movement coupled with changes in acoustic response are evident, particularly near the lean operating limit as hydrogen blending shifts lean blowoff of methane flames to lower equivalence ratios with corresponding reduction in NOx emissions. The influence of increased pressure on the lean operating point stability and emissions appear to be small over the range considered, however a power law correlation has been developed for scaling combustion noise amplitudes with inlet pressure and swirl number. Indicators of flame flashback as well as combustor acoustic response are affected considerably when the convergent combustor outlet geometry is deployed. This has been shown to alter the influence of the central recirculation zone as a flame stabilizing coherent flow structure. Chemical kinetic modelling supports the experimental observations that stable burner operation can be achieved with blended methane-hydrogen up to 15% by volume.
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ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition
June 26–30, 2017
Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
Conference Sponsors:
- International Gas Turbine Institute
ISBN:
978-0-7918-5085-5
PROCEEDINGS PAPER
Experimental Analysis of Confinement and Swirl Effects on Premixed CH4-H2 Flame Behavior in a Pressurized Generic Swirl Burner
Richard Marsh,
Richard Marsh
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Philip Bowen,
Philip Bowen
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Anthony Giles,
Anthony Giles
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Steven Morris,
Steven Morris
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Agustin Valera-Medina
Agustin Valera-Medina
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Jon Runyon
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
Richard Marsh
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
Daniel Pugh
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
Philip Bowen
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
Anthony Giles
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
Steven Morris
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
Agustin Valera-Medina
Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
Paper No:
GT2017-64794, V04BT04A044; 12 pages
Published Online:
August 17, 2017
Citation
Runyon, J, Marsh, R, Pugh, D, Bowen, P, Giles, A, Morris, S, & Valera-Medina, A. "Experimental Analysis of Confinement and Swirl Effects on Premixed CH4-H2 Flame Behavior in a Pressurized Generic Swirl Burner." Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. Volume 4B: Combustion, Fuels and Emissions. Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. June 26–30, 2017. V04BT04A044. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/GT2017-64794
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