3D RANS Prediction of Gas-Side Heat Transfer Coefficients on Turbine Blade and Endwall

This paper presents a study using 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations to predict turbine gas-side heat transfer coefficients (HTC) on the entire airfoil and endwall. The CFD results at different spanwise sections and endwall have been compared with the flat-plate turbulent boundary layer correlation and with the data in a NASA turbine rotor passage with strong secondary flows, under three different flow conditions. The enhancement effects of secondary flow vortices on the blade surface and endwall heat transfer rate have been examined in detail. Analyses were conducted for the impact of Reynolds number and exit Mach number on heat transfer. The SST, k-ε, V2F, and realizable k-ε turbulence models have been assessed. The classical log-law wall-functions have been found to be comparable to the wall-integration methods, but with much reduced sensitivity to inlet turbulence conditions. The migration of hot gas was simulated with a radial profile of inlet temperature. CFD results for mid-span HTCs of two other airfoils were also compared with test data. Overall results are encouraging and indicate improved HTC and temperature predictions from 3D CFD could help optimize the design of turbine cooling schemes.