An experimental study was undertaken to examine two phenomena associated with a jet issuing from a forward-facing circular cylinder (with a length to outer radius ratio of 6.8) into a counterflow: (1) the effect of the counterflow on the internal velocity profile near the injector exit, and (2) the combined jet and counterflow influence on the external surface boundary layer profiles. Wind tunnel experiments, utilizing hot-wire anemometry, were conducted at very low jet-to-counterflow velocity ratios between 0 and 0.41 and Reynolds numbers based on cylinder outer diameter of 2.6×104 and 5.2×104. It was found that the flow at the internal location was negligibly affected by the counterflow, with the profiles exhibiting typical turbulent pipe flow behavior. However, close to the injector exit plane, the counter-flow accelerated the exiting jet in an annular region adjacent to the cylinder inner wall, creating a high velocity region which reversed direction upon exiting. The exit flow reversal around the lip of the cylinder was manifested downstream as an addition of momentum to the flow field. Boundary layer measurements were taken at seven streamwise locations along the upper surface of the cylinder. A dimensionless parameter constructed from both a traditional flat plate turbulent boundary layer scaling and a geometric curvature ratio was used to plot all data, which collapsed to a single curve at all locations in the absence of a jet, while in the presence of the jet, the only differences in the profiles were close to the surface. Independently of jet-to-counterflow velocity ratio, the boundary layer on the cylinder was seen to grow in the streamwise direction at a rate proportional to rather than as occurs with a turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate, even though the boundary layer height to curvature ratio was relatively low (≈ 1), and hence would have been expected to approximate flat plate behavior.
- Fluids Engineering Division
Exit Plane Velocity Profiles and Boundary Layer Similarity on a Forward-Facing Cylinder Issuing a Jet Into a Counterflow
Vaccaro, JC, Rooney, DM, Balestrieri, T, Lipani, MC, & Mikhaylov, YR. "Exit Plane Velocity Profiles and Boundary Layer Similarity on a Forward-Facing Cylinder Issuing a Jet Into a Counterflow." Proceedings of the ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. Volume 1B, Symposia: Fluid Mechanics (Fundamental Issues and Perspectives; Industrial and Environmental Applications); Multiphase Flow and Systems (Multiscale Methods; Noninvasive Measurements; Numerical Methods; Heat Transfer; Performance); Transport Phenomena (Clean Energy; Mixing; Manufacturing and Materials Processing); Turbulent Flows — Issues and Perspectives; Algorithms and Applications for High Performance CFD Computation; Fluid Power; Fluid Dynamics of Wind Energy; Marine Hydrodynamics. Washington, DC, USA. July 10–14, 2016. V01BT14A002. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/FEDSM2016-7584
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