Modern injection systems utilize high injection pressures to enhance the break-up of the injected fuel and the mixing of fuel with air. Elevated pressure level targets high performance, high efficiency and low tailpipe emissions. Such conditions lead to high internal loads of fuel injection equipment and aggressive conditions within fuel injectors and pumps. The high pressure pump is the most critical component assuring appropriate elevated pressure level. Under certain conditions cavitation can occur within the system, which will affect the performance of the pump and in long term also its durability. Namely, cavitation repeatedly appearing at the same location can lead to erosion damage, which is clearly not desired. Therefore, numerical analyses by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), represent a powerful tool in the early stage of component definition or design of the pump itself. As the pressure appearing in such systems exceeds 300 MPa, the liquid fuel needs to be treated as compressible. Moving parts of the investigated fuel pump are displaced due to pressure forces, which means that pressure variations and pressure waves need to be accurately predicted in order to predict accurate part displacements and correct wetted volume shape. In order to achieve this, the liquid fuel is treated as compressible, otherwise exact inlet- and outlet check-valve displacements are not predictable. In present work the liquid compressible Euler-Eulerian multiphase model of the commercial CFD code AVL FIRE® has been applied. The domain has been geometrically discretized using the preprocessing part of the applied CFD tool, moving parts have been handled by a novel, so-called “mesh deformation by formula” methodology. The advantage of the approach is that it does not require the pre-definition of all moving parts but allows for an arbitrary, user-defined movement of all mesh nodes. The motion of internal floating parts is performed automatically during the calculation according to the local pressure forces. Due to high pressure levels local flow velocities are typically very high causing the fuel to undergo phase change from liquid to vapor called cavitation. To accurately account for the effect of cavitation, the applied CFD code offers advanced cavitation modeling options. The applied capability enables estimation of flow aggressiveness and the probability for the onset of cavitation erosion on the surface of the components with the objective to optimize or entirely eliminate cavitation. In the present study two simulations have been performed; (i) part load and (ii) full load condition.
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ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels
August 3–7, 2014
Chicago, Illinois, USA
Conference Sponsors:
- Fluids Engineering Division
ISBN:
978-0-7918-4626-1
PROCEEDINGS PAPER
Numerical Simulation of Compressible Multi-Phase Flow in High Pressure Fuel Pump
Frank Husmeier,
Frank Husmeier
Cummins Scania XPI JV, Columbus, IN
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David Greif,
David Greif
AVL-AST d.o.o., Maribor, Slovenia
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Jure Strucl,
Jure Strucl
AVL-AST d.o.o., Maribor, Slovenia
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Wilfried Edelbauer
Wilfried Edelbauer
AVL List GmbH, Graz, Austria
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Frank Husmeier
Cummins Scania XPI JV, Columbus, IN
David Greif
AVL-AST d.o.o., Maribor, Slovenia
Peter Sampl
AVL List GmbH, Graz, Austria
Jure Strucl
AVL-AST d.o.o., Maribor, Slovenia
Wilfried Edelbauer
AVL List GmbH, Graz, Austria
Paper No:
FEDSM2014-21531, V002T06A007; 6 pages
Published Online:
December 22, 2014
Citation
Husmeier, F, Greif, D, Sampl, P, Strucl, J, & Edelbauer, W. "Numerical Simulation of Compressible Multi-Phase Flow in High Pressure Fuel Pump." Proceedings of the ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. Volume 2, Fora: Cavitation and Multiphase Flow; Fluid Measurements and Instrumentation; Microfluidics; Multiphase Flows: Work in Progress; Fluid-Particle Interactions in Turbulence. Chicago, Illinois, USA. August 3–7, 2014. V002T06A007. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/FEDSM2014-21531
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