Numerical Simulation of Interior Flow in Evaporation Droplet

In this present study, the VOF (Volume of Fluid) approach is adopted to capture the interface, and CSF (Continuum Surface Force) model to calculate the surface tension, and the governing equations are founded in numerical simulation of evaporating droplets. In this work, a water droplet is assumed to be suspending in high temperature air, and the gravity of a droplet is ignored. During evaporating process of the droplet, the internal circulation flow will be induced due to the gradient of temperature at the droplet surface. The interface flows from high temperature area to low temperature area, which pulls the liquid to produce convective flow inside the droplet called as Marangoni flow. Marangoni flow makes the temperature distribution tend to uniformity, which enhances heat transfer but weakens Marangoni flow in turn. So, during droplet evaporation, the internal flow is not steady.