CFD Visualization of Drop Generation From a Nozzle

Drop generation from a single nozzle is visualized by direct numerical simulations. Navier-Stokes equations are solved on cylindrical axisymmetric coordinates, and interfacial motion is traced by a Front-Tracking method. To validate the numerical code, the numerical results for two modes, dripping and jetting, are compared with experimental results, and they show good agreement. The experimental result that shows a formation of a small satellite, in particular, is successfully visualized. It is shown that the formation of the satellite is due to the strong back flow arising from the large interfacial tension at the cusp behind the primary drop.