The purpose of this work was twofold: first, to develop correlations for the entrainment of small fuel droplets into water in a stratified fuel/water shear flow; second, to implement the correlations in a CFD code and validate it with experimental effluent fuel concentration data. It is assumed that the droplets act as passive scalars and are advected far from their generation regions where they may cause fuel contamination problems far down-stream. This work relied upon extensive experimental data obtained from a stably stratified shear flow: droplet number, droplet PDF, fluid fraction and velocity field data. The droplet data was expressed as a nondimensional entrainment velocity (E) for the volume flux of fuel due to small droplets. The fluid fraction and velocity fields at the interface were expressed in terms of Richardson numbers (Ri). It was found that E = CeRi−n where n = 1 and Ce is a constant, gives a good fit for the two experimental velocity cases. The best correlation was implemented in a computational simulation of the stably stratified shear flow, and the results show that the simulation can predict the entrainment quite well. A second simulation was performed for a flow with energetic vertical buoyant jets (“buoyant flow events”) and stably stratified shear flows with very large Richardson numbers. In this case, the simulations underpredicted effluent fuel concentrations by two orders of magnitude. Ad hoc corrections to the entrainment correlations show marked improvements.
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ASME 2002 Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Division Conference
July 14–18, 2002
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Conference Sponsors:
- Fluids Engineering Division
ISBN:
0-7918-3615-0
PROCEEDINGS PAPER
Entrainment Correlations Based on a Fuel/Water Stratified Shear Flow Available to Purchase
Peter A. Chang, III,
Peter A. Chang, III
Naval Surface Warfare Center – Carderock, West Bethesda, MD
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Wesley Wilson,
Wesley Wilson
Naval Surface Warfare Center – Carderock, West Bethesda, MD
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Paisan Atsavapranee,
Paisan Atsavapranee
Naval Surface Warfare Center – Carderock, West Bethesda, MD
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Xiongjun Wu,
Xiongjun Wu
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Joseph Katz
Joseph Katz
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Peter A. Chang, III
Naval Surface Warfare Center – Carderock, West Bethesda, MD
Wesley Wilson
Naval Surface Warfare Center – Carderock, West Bethesda, MD
Paisan Atsavapranee
Naval Surface Warfare Center – Carderock, West Bethesda, MD
Xiongjun Wu
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
Joseph Katz
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
Paper No:
FEDSM2002-31454, pp. 525-532; 8 pages
Published Online:
February 24, 2009
Citation
Chang, PA, III, Wilson, W, Atsavapranee, P, Wu, X, & Katz, J. "Entrainment Correlations Based on a Fuel/Water Stratified Shear Flow." Proceedings of the ASME 2002 Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Division Conference. Volume 1: Fora, Parts A and B. Montreal, Quebec, Canada. July 14–18, 2002. pp. 525-532. ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/FEDSM2002-31454
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