Energetic and Exergetic Analysis of Building Cogeneration Systems Available to Purchase

This study deals with types of micro cogeneration (or micro combined heat and power, MCHP) systems and reviews energetic and exergetic analysis of MCHP systems, which are also called building cogeneration systems. These are classified as micro and macro cogeneration systems and figured within subgroups. Previously conducted studies on exergy and energy analyses of internal combustion engines (micro turbines), external combustion engines (Ericsson engines), fuel cells (solid oxide fuel cells) and thermophotovoltaic systems are treated in this paper. The main objectives of this study are to classify MCHP systems used in building cogeneration systems, to introduce types of MCHP systems and to better define micro cogeneration systems in the light of previously conducted studies. In this regard, energetic and exergetic efficiencies of various MCHP systems are graphically obtained. Under grouping presented MCHP systems, internal combustion engines based MCHP systems are defined to be the best choice with energetic and exergetic efficiency values of 86.0% and 40.31%, respectively. Micro gas turbines and Ericson engine based micro cogeneration systems are also obtained as valuable systems with the energetic values of 75.99% and 65.97% and exergetic values of 35.8% and 38.5%, respectively. However, in this building cogeneration group, energetic and exergetic efficiencies of the thermophotovoltaic systems have 65.0% and 15.0%, respectively. It may be concluded that system choice depends on the type of the system, energy flow of the system, system parts and developments, while building, system capacity, comfort and maintenance are the other factors to be considered.