Design of a High Yielding Photonic Light Delivery System to be Used in Photodynamic Therapy for Esophageal Cancer, With Microwave Antenna Imprinted Balloon Catheter for Oxygen Enhancement

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment with high effectiveness in the management of cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract. A higher mortality rate associated with surgery and the higher morbidity in the older age group both make PDT a better treatment method for the treatment of esophageal cancer [1–3]. However, limitations in the best docimetry protocols performance of PDT are due to ineffectiveness of the light delivery and in the unavailability of sufficient oxygen required for singlet oxygen generation to bring cellular death [4–7]. The Introduction of an inexpensive high power semiconductor diode lasers for the light delivery system makes PDT efficient, low cost and portable [8–10]. However, the metallic water cooling systems used in the existing semiconductor cooling designs make those systems non-flexible and cumbersome in size [9].