Finite Element Modeling of a Mainstream Capnometer System for Non-Intubated Pediatric Patients Requiring Oxygen Administration

Capnometry is the standard of care to measure the amount of carbon dioxide in the proximal airway, detect apnea, tracheal tube dislodgement, and effectiveness of ventilation during invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill infants, children and adults [1]. Capnometry is not yet standard practice for non-invasively supported or ventilated patients, due to dead space ventilation, inspiratory gas washout, gas entrainment, and potential for rebreathing of gas. Potential capnometry use in non-intubated patients could identify impending respiratory failure, obstructed airways, and improve the safety and effectiveness of non-invasive support for infants and children [2].