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Pulsation and Vibration Analysis of Compression and Pumping Systems

## Excerpt

Flow and acoustic phenomena associated with various mechanical components in compressions and pumping systems have been the subject of considerable effort over the past few decades. Research efforts concentrated on three main topics: (i) pulsation transmission characteristics of various pipeline elements, such as orifice plate, valves, compressors and branches; (ii) pulsation generation whether it’s flow-induced or resulting from reciprocating machines; and (iii) methods to suppress these pulsations by means of passive elements (such as pulsation bottles, mufflers, Helmholtz resonators, or side branch resonators) or actively by active control (e.g., active control of incipient surge in centrifugal compressor). Flow-generated pulsations in pipeline facilities can be broad-band or single-tone with amplitude levels over 20 times higher than the dynamic pressure in main pipe. Such a high level of pulsation disturbs flow measurements and causes vibration of the piping elements. The latter can result in fatigue and serious accidents.

11.1Introduction
11.2Pulsation Transmission Through Piping Elements
11.3Pulsation Generation
11.4Solution Techniques
11.5Acoustic Boundary Conditions and Resonance
11.6Techniques for Pulsation Suppression
11.7Liquid versus Gas Applications
11.8Standards and Guidelines
11.9Case Study Pulsation Examples
11.10Instability Criteria of Pressure Relief Valves
References
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